Uterine ligaments

Uterine ligaments

(1) Round ligament of the uterus: starting from the front of the uterine horn and ending at the front of the labia majora through the inguinal canal, which has the effect of maintaining the forward position of the uterus.

(2) Uterine broad ligament: there are two lobes before and after, the upper edge of which is free, and the outer 1/3 is shifted to the pelvic funnel ligament or called the ovarian suspension ligament. The broad ligament between the inside of the ovary and the uterine horn is called the ovarian intrinsic ligament or called the ovarian ligament. The broad ligament below the fallopian tube and above the attachment of the ovary is called the mesangium. In the broad ligaments on both sides of the uterine body are rich in blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic vessels, and a large number of loose connective tissues, called parauterine tissue. Both the uterine arteries and veins and ureters pass through the base of the broad ligament.

(3) Main uterine ligament: in the lower part of the broad ligament, it runs horizontally between the sides of the cervix and the lateral wall of the pelvis. It is a pair of tough smooth muscle and connective tissue fiber bundles, which are the main structures that fix the position of the cervix and prevent uterine prolapse.

(4) Uterosacral ligament: containing smooth muscle and connective tissue, short and thick and powerful, pulling the cervix backward and upwards to maintain the anterior position of the uterus. Uterine prolapse can occur if the uterine ligaments, pelvic floor muscles, and their fascia are weak or damaged.